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Power Systems Research (PSR) is an international research company based in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. It operates a second North America office in Detroit, Mich., and has offices in five other countries. PSR analysts have been collecting and analyzing global engine and powertrain data and information since 1976, and we use this data to develop targeted forecasts by industry segment and region.
Our team of experienced analysts works with OEMs, engine and component manufacturers, dealers, fleet managers and industry experts to compile detailed and focused data that has become an industry standard. It’s the leading source of global information on engines and power equipment powered by IC and alternate sources. Whether you need detailed global data, forecasts or customized local market studies, we can provide you with Data, Forecasting and Solutions. Let’s start today.
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North America Golf Cars Production

60,100 units is the estimate by Power Systems Research of the number of Golf Cars expected to be produced in North America during 2025.
Golf Cars are small, motorized vehicles that transport golfers and their equipment around a golf course. They may also be used as a Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) to transport people within golfing communities or similar neighborhoods.
This product information comes from industry interviews and from two proprietary databases maintained…
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Spain Doubles Down on Hydrogen Transport

Guy Youngs The European Commission’s latest funding decision for alternative fuels infrastructure landed with a strange twist. On paper, the bloc approved support for 38 new hydrogen refueling stations spread across the continent.
In practice, almost all of them are going to a single country. Spain secured roughly four out of five stations in this round, which puts it at the center of an infrastructure buildout that is moving in the opposite direction from the rest of Europe
The scale of the EU funding approval is substantial, with more than US$ 700 million (€600 million) committed across a wide range of projects that genuinely strengthen Europe’s transport decarbonization efforts
Source: Clean Technica: Read The Article
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China’s Diesel Trucks Shifting To Electric
China is replacing its diesel trucks with electric models faster than expected, potentially reshaping global fuel demand and the future of heavy transport. In 2020, nearly all new trucks in China ran on diesel. By the first half of 2025, battery-powered trucks accounted for 22% of new heavy truck sales, up from 9.2% in the same period in 2024, according to Commercial Vehicle World, a Beijing-based trucking data provider. The British research firm BMI forecasts electric trucks will reach nearly 46% of new sales this year and 60% next year
Heavy trucks carry the lifeblood of modern economies. They also contribute significantly to global emissions of carbon-dioxide: In 2019, road freight generated a third of all transport-related carbon emissions. Trucking has been considered hard to decarbonize since electric trucks with heavy batteries can carry less cargo than those using energy-dense diesel
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Renewables and AI Rapidly Changing Energy Future
Critical minerals essential to clean tech, defense, and AI have become the new fault lines in global supply chains. The IEA also states that energy has become a central focus of geopolitical power struggles, making it one of the defining economic and security challenges of our time
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EV Sales Growth Has Slowed
Over the course of the last two years or so, sales of battery electric vehicles, while continuing to grow, have posted lower year-over-year percentage growth rates than they had in years prior. EV sales used to grow at 50%+ per year, but for the last couple years, they have grown closer to about 25% per year.
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China EV Battery Has Range of 620 Miles
China has developed EV battery technology using all-solid-state batteries that may be the key to unlocking longer range, faster charging, and overall, more EVs.
According to a report from China Central Television (CCTV), scientists achieved three breakthroughs that could be key to unlocking the next-generation battery tech and allow a 100 kg battery pack to deliver over 1,000 km (620 miles) of range.
Source: Electrek: Read The Article
PSR Analysis: It's great to see progress in solid state battery technology…
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Trucking Recovery To Be Driven by Supply Side?

Chris Fisher The signs of a freight recovery that appeared early this year are gone, replaced by a tough market where recovery will have to come from a supply-side correction, American Trucking Associations’ Chief Economist Bob Costello said at ATA’s 2025 Management Conference & Exhibition in San Diego.
Costello delivered a blunt and sobering economic warning: new tariffs, persistent stagflation, and a slowing labor market have created “absolutely unsustainable” conditions for many carriers, and the only way out, at least near-term, is to erase capacity from the highway.
“It’s not easy to talk about because it’s people’s livelihoods, but it’s a necessary evil,” Costello said, noting that freight demand is unlikely to improve anytime soon. “This has got to be a supply-driven change in the market.”
The current 18% effective tariff rate, nearly six times higher than it was during the first Trump administration, is a level not seen since the 1930s. Costello warned that the industry is only in the “bottom of the second or top of the third inning” of feeling the impact. “Any benefits of putting tariffs on foreign goods… are years in the future, but the cost hits much quicker,” he said.
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GM Ends Hydrogen Fuel Cells For Vehicles

Guy Youngs General Motors’ decision to end development of its next generation Hydrotec fuel cells for vehicles marked the close of a long, careful experiment. After years of research, pilot programs, and cautious optimism, GM finally acknowledged what the energy math had been showing for years: Hydrogen fuel cells are not a viable pathway for road transportation.
GM has been exploring hydrogen vehicles since 1966. GM framed its decision in practical terms. The company cited high costs, limited infrastructure, and low consumer demand. There are only about 60 hydrogen refueling stations in the United States.
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Take-Aways from Trump Meeting with Chinese
In October, the Chinese government introduced new export controls on key dual-use items, citing national security concerns. The move affected the export of rare earths which are critical to all aspects of modern life (such as mobile phone, computers and EVs) (Click here to read about this). China manufacturers 80% to 90% of the world’s rare earths.
In response, US President Donald Trump threatened to impose an additional 100% tariff on Chinese goods and export controls on “critical” software beginning Nov. 1. These measures would come on top of the existing 30% tariff already in place.
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Chinese Battery Could Extend Life by 9,000 Hours
Lithium metal batteries have become the cornerstone for future power systems due to their high energy storage capacity. Now, Chinese scientists have developed a new battery system that could enable lithium cells to operate safely for thousands of hours, an advance that could lead to better batteries for electric vehicles and power grids.
However, the current liquid electrolytes in these cells pose several risks, including leakage and combustion, and the growth of lithium metal inside batteries into needle-like or branch-like structures during charging (called dendrites), can compromise battery safety and performance.
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Lynn Olthof Vice President of Business Development
Lynn has over 30 years of sales and sales management experience. Currently at Power Systems Research, Lynn has direct responsibility for Business Development across 13 key industries including Construction, Agriculture, Commercial Vehicles, Recreational Products, Lawn and Garden and Marine. Overseeing the Global Account Management team, focused on driving revenue and growth by providing production, forecast and population data for IC engines, electric and hybrid powertrains to OEMs and suppliers across the world.
Prior to joining PSR, Lynn was the Director of Sales at Wards Automotive, a division of Informa and an Account Executive at IHS Markit (S&P Global). Additionally, Lynn spent over 20 years in various Sales and Management positions with the Hertz Corporation.
Lynn graduated from Northern Michigan University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Marketing. In her free time Lynn enjoys golfing, snow skiing, paddle boarding and spending time with family and friends.
Power Systems Research – Detroit
Tel: +1.248.444.0545
Tel: +1.651.905.8400
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Jack Prince Business Development Manager
Jack Prince brings over 25 years of business development and commercialization experience to the global automotive and mobility industries. He uses research and data to help clients identify market opportunities and improve business efficiency while enhancing product performance. Jack has advised emerging ventures on market discovery, product strategy, and investor engagement. His experience includes supporting global ventures in electromechanical systems, radar and sensor technologies, structural plastics, SaaS platforms, and vehicle access solutions. Jack holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration and is currently completing an Executive MBA at Michigan State University.
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