Power Systems Research (PSR) is an international research company based in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. It operates a second North America office in Detroit, Mich., and has offices in five other countries. PSR analysts have been collecting and analyzing global engine and powertrain data and information since 1976, and we use this data to develop targeted forecasts by industry segment and region.
Our team of experienced analysts works with OEMs, engine and component manufacturers, dealers, fleet managers and industry experts to compile detailed and focused data that has become an industry standard. It’s the leading source of global information on engines and power equipment powered by IC and alternate sources. Whether you need detailed global data, forecasts or customized local market studies, we can provide you with Data, Forecasting and Solutions. Let’s start today.
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Strict EV Mandates Could Implode Economy

Chris Fisher Testifying before a Senate subcommittee on transportation technology recently, American Trucking Associations (ATA) President and CEO Chris Spear lobbed criticism at the California Air Resources Board (CARB), blasting its regulatory framework as economically unworkable and completely detached from operational reality.
“California Air Resources Board does not sit down with our industry,” Spear told lawmakers. “They don’t care what our industry has to say. Their attitude is: ‘You’ll figure it out.'”
The trucking industry narrowly avoided being the epicenter of what Spear characterized as an economic collapse when the Trump administration last year spiked the California Truck Emission Standards (CARB’s Omnibus rule) and California Truck NOx Emission Standards (CARB’s Advanced Clean Trucks regulations), respectively. California withdrew its waiver request in January 2025 to implement its Advanced Clean Fleets rule, which would have effectively mandated electric trucks in the state.
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North America 2026 ATV Production
232,100 units is the estimate by Power Systems Research of the number of 4-Wheel ATVs expected to be produced in the US and Mexico during 2026.
A 4-Wheeled ATV is another term for All Terrain Vehicle. It has 4 wheels and is designed to be driven off road. It seats one person, or sometimes two, one in front of the other.
This product information comes from industry interviews and from two proprietary databases maintained by Power Systems Research: EnginLink™ , which provides information on engines, and OE Link™, a database of equipment manufacturers.
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Toyota Pulls Plug on Important EV

Guy Youngs Toyota is scraping its plans to launch a next-generation luxury EV, the Lexus LF-ZC electric sedan, which was expected to enter production later this year with advanced new batteries that would delivery significant range improvements, and a dedicated platform.
The model was planned to use the gigacasting production technique that would split the vehicle body into three parts, front, center, and rear, to cut costs.
On paper, this car would have been brilliant, but like many Toyota promises…
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PV Equipped Vehicles May Cover 80% of Electricity
In Germany, the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE (Fraunhofer ISE) has demonstrated that the integration of photovoltaics (PV) into vehicle roofs, hoods and side panels significantly reduces pressure on power grids, reduces charging costs, decreases the need for external charging and provides significant proportions of their energy use.
The researchers found that cars in Central Europe could generate up to 55% of their annual electricity demand and in Southern Europe, the share could rise to 80% (this assumes relatively low annual mileage and large roof surfaces, such as those found on SUVs)
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Electrifying Your Fleet Isn’t Just About Going Green
On the face of things, when you read this title, your thoughts move to TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) but actually this article is more about sustainability – sustainability in the sense that the business needs to stay in business in the longer term, and it’s about stability.
Sustainability and Stability are two core ideals for businesses.
Guy Youngs is Forecast & Adoption Lead at Power Systems Research
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EV Investment May Be At Risk In Europe
The rapid growth of the EV market has led to a huge level of investment in new models, batteries, chargers and other components that have supported this growth. As the EU continues to dither about vehicle emissions (encouraged by the oil lobby and some legacy car makers), all this investment is now being put into question.
On one hand, EV vehicles have been the growth engine for the European Automotive industry (and also for the global automotive market) which has led to billions of Euros in investment, and on the other hand, the oil lobby and some legacy automotive manufacturers are pushing back against emissions legislation.
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Zwitterions May Be Key To Solid-State Batteries

Guy Youngs Liquid electrolytes have been key EV batteries for some time now and the lithium-ion formula is the most important component. There are a lot of different formulae that do various things such as the removal of toxic inputs from the supply chain, or reductions in weight, elimination of fire hazards, and cutting costs.
The ultimate goal is to combine all these improvements in one electrolyte, but solid state or semi solid state batteries are appearing before that goal can be achieved and they promise to revolutionize the battery market. But, getting the electrons to move about within a solid is difficult at best. And that’s where Zwitterions come in.
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Graphene Aluminum-Ion Battery Boosts Energy Density
One of the new battery technologies is graphene aluminum-ion battery which is designed specifically with rapid charging in mind. Graphene aluminum-ion batteries avoid the use of lithium and copper, instead using aluminum substrates and a newly developed chloride-free electrolyte. This enables cost and weight reduction, improved safety risks, and eliminates the need for thermal management system. The battery has similar performance characteristics as lithium titanate oxide cells, but can be produced at a much lower cost
The technology works by making atomic sized holes in the graphene, which allows the aluminum ions to penetrate and be held in the graphene to make a higher energy density, thus enabling them to outperform standard lithium batteries.
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The Fast Lane: 3 Ways To Get More Critical Minerals
In modern life, thousands of products (ranging from mobile phones to missiles, or fertilizer even) depend on a few critical minerals such as copper, cerium, rare earth elements and potash. Governments around the world consider these essential to their economy and national security, and their supply chains can be disrupted by geopolitical tensions, extreme weather, or trade restrictions.
For instance, in 2026, the U.S. critical minerals list include 60 minerals that companies in defense, agriculture, power, mining, and other industry sectors, need to get their jobs done. But spiking demand, restricted access, and rising prices can make it challenging to get these minerals
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A Closer Look at CATL’s New Sodium-Ion Battery
CATL unveiled a new sodium-ion battery for energy storage at the ESIE 2026 show in Beijing, in April. The show is the 14th Energy Storage International Conference and Expo (ESIE). ESIE was born alongside the development of China’s energy storage industry and serves as a key communication and cooperation platform in the energy storage field.
CATL’s new battery expands its sodium-ion lineup beyond passenger cars, commercial vehicles, and auxiliary power, into utility-scale and commercial storage.
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Lynn Olthof Vice President of Business Development
Lynn has over 30 years of sales and sales management experience. Currently at Power Systems Research, Lynn has direct responsibility for Business Development across 13 key industries including Construction, Agriculture, Commercial Vehicles, Recreational Products, Lawn and Garden and Marine. Overseeing the Global Account Management team, focused on driving revenue and growth by providing production, forecast and population data for IC engines, electric and hybrid powertrains to OEMs and suppliers across the world.
Prior to joining PSR, Lynn was the Director of Sales at Wards Automotive, a division of Informa and an Account Executive at IHS Markit (S&P Global). Additionally, Lynn spent over 20 years in various Sales and Management positions with the Hertz Corporation.
Lynn graduated from Northern Michigan University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Marketing. In her free time Lynn enjoys golfing, snow skiing, paddle boarding and spending time with family and friends.
Power Systems Research – Detroit
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Jack Prince Business Development Manager
Jack Prince brings over 25 years of business development and commercialization experience to the global automotive and mobility industries. He uses research and data to help clients identify market opportunities and improve business efficiency while enhancing product performance. Jack has advised emerging ventures on market discovery, product strategy, and investor engagement. His experience includes supporting global ventures in electromechanical systems, radar and sensor technologies, structural plastics, SaaS platforms, and vehicle access solutions. Jack holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration and is currently completing an Executive MBA at Michigan State University.
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