Over the course of the last two years or so, sales of battery electric vehicles, while continuing to grow, have posted lower year-over-year percentage growth rates than they had in years prior. EV sales used to grow at 50%+ per year, but for the last couple years, they have grown closer to about 25% per year.
India’s auto sector delivered a resilient performance in the first half of FY26 (April–September 2025), supported by healthy two-wheeler volumes, steady passenger-vehicle demand, and a modest recovery in commercial vehicles — even as the industry navigated EV market churn and shifting policy tailwinds.
Two-wheelers continued to underpin volume growth: production and domestic sales surged, with about 10,200,000 (1.02 crore) two-wheelers produced/sold in 1H FY26. This strength was driven by durable rural demand, improved affordability, and strong scooter and motorcycle cycles during the pre-festive and monsoon seasons.
Passenger vehicles showed robustness across the board, with roughly 2.05 million units recorded in the six-month period (Apr–Jun ~1.01m; Jul–Sep ~1.04m). OEMs benefited from a combination of steady urban demand, renewed festive spending and a partial easing of supply constraints. Strong export momentum — India recorded a record H1 export tally — also helped OEM plant utilizations.
The September 2025 GST Council meeting introduced sweeping tax revisions that significantly lower GST rates across multiple vehicle and farm equipment categories. Tractors and their components now attract a 5% rate (from 12% for standard tractors, and from 18% for parts), while small cars, two-wheelers (up to 350cc), three-wheelers, buses, and certain commercial vehicles are enjoying reduced GST from 28% to 18%.
These changes are expected to improve affordability, stimulate demand (especially in rural and semi-urban areas), boost manufacturing and ancillary industries, and lead to job growth across the value chain.
India is preparing for one of its biggest tax reforms in recent years, targeting the Goods and Services Tax (GST) structure. If approved, the proposal will slash GST on small cars and two-wheelers from 28% to 18% and reduce GST on insurance premiums to between 5% and zero. The change, expected around Diwali, has the potential to reshape production planning and sales strategies for automobile manufacturers.
Impact on Small Cars and Two-Wheelers. Small cars and two-wheelers have traditionally been the backbone of India’s automobile industry, serving middle-class buyers who are highly price sensitive. However, in recent years, growth in these categories has slowed as buyers shifted toward SUVs, which now account for nearly half of passenger vehicle sales. By lowering taxes, the government aims to make small cars and two-wheelers more affordable, correcting the imbalance in demand and giving OEMs in these categories a much-needed boost.
The South Korean government has reached an agreement with the United States regarding tariff negotiations. Mutual and automobile tariffs will be reduced to 15%, which is the same rate as those of Japan and the European Union (EU).
According to the Korea Trade and Investment Promotion Agency (KOTRA), automobiles are South Korea’s leading export to the United States. Exports to the United States account for over 50% of South Korea’s total automobile exports. The South Korean government prioritized reducing automobile tariffs and engaged in negotiations with the United States.
Tesla sales in Europe are continuing to decline rapidly, and it appears the pain is just beginning for the automaker. The numbers for July are coming in from Europe and Tesla registrations are down 41.6% despite EV sales surging across the continent.
The data shows that the free-fall decline in sales that we saw in the first half of 2025 is continuing into the second half, despite Tesla falsely claiming that the issue in the first quarter was the Model Y changeover limiting supply.
India’s used car market has entered a high-growth phase, reflecting a clear structural shift in consumer demand. After years of sluggish expansion, the segment grew 8% in FY25, with FY26 growth expected to touch 10%.
Sales volumes are set to cross the 6-million-unit mark this fiscal. The used-to-new car sales ratio has reached 1.4x, a significant increase from less than 1.0 five years ago. This growth is being driven by a rising preference for value-for-money mobility solutions, especially in a post-pandemic landscape where cost sensitivity remains high.
The used car segment is also increasingly seen as a reliable, first-choice option for new-age consumers, thanks to greater digital access and easier financing. These dynamics indicate that used vehicles are no longer a fallback option, but a mainstream choice for a broad swath of buyers.
The Alternative Power Report produced monthly by Power Systems Research reports on development of alternative power sources, legislation related to these sources, and sales and production of EV vehicles. The June 2025 issue contains articles on hydrogen fuel cells being used in trucks and passenger cars, the development of sodium batteries for EVs, a new report by the IEA Global that shows the U.S. falling behind on EVs, and a report on critical minerals for clean energy that are being concentrated in a few countries. PSR
Guy Youngs is Forecast and Technology Adoption Lead at Power Systems Research
The May 2025 issue of the Alternative Power Report contains articles on Volvo’s launch of the world’s first electric articulated Hauler, Aeson Power’s new sodium battery products, the IMO votes on the first-ever global carbon price on shipping, and a report on CATL’s next generation batteries. Read it all here. PSR
Guy Youngs is Forecast and Technology Adoption Lead at Power Systems Research
The April 2025 issue of Guy Youngs’ Alternative Power Report presents articles on Tesla sales and other activities. It also contains several reports on battery development . PSR