PowerTALK™ News, January 2022

The overall global economic recovery looks strong, and the outlook for the global MHV segment is expected to improve in 2022 and 2023, according to forecasts by Power Systems Research analysts. Read the latest global economic news and analysis in the January issue of PowerTALK News. The January issue also includes:

  • DataPoint: North America Rollers
  • Europe: Kohler Introduces Small Block Diesel
  • South America:
    • Bad Weather Hurts Brazil Ag Machinery
    • Trailer Production Grows 33%
    • Brazil Segments See 4% Growth in 2022
  • China: Construction Machinery Electrifies
  • Japan: Look for Electric Car Growth
  • South Korea: LG Chem To Build Battery Plant
  • Southeast Asia: Japan Could Miss EV Growth
  • India: Semiconductor Incentive Plan Okayed
  • Russia:
    • KAMAZ Launches 720 hp Engine
    • Autotor To Produce EVs in 2023
    • Ural To Begin Axle Production
    • Ford Auto Plant Sold

Russia Shuts Down Half of Auto Plants

RUSSIA REPORT
Maxim Sakov
Maxim Sakov

March 10, 2022–The volume of working auto production facilities in Russia has dropped by 45% since the invasion of Ukraine. On March 3, work continued in Russia on 55% of the facilities for assembling LCVs and passenger cars, comparing to 2021. Last year, domestic operations produced 83% of sales in Russia.

Work continues at AutoVAZ (in Tolyatti and Izhevsk), Stellantis and Mitsubishi alliance (PSMA Rus plant), Autotor (Kia and Hyundai assembly), Nissan, Haval, GAZ, UAZ, Mazda Sollers and Isuzu. The total number of vehicles produced by these enterprises has reached 766,000, which is 55% of the sales produced by the Russian automotive industry last year. The total annual production capacity of Russian automotive industry is about 2.7 million vehicles.

After implementation of Western sanctions and the volatility of currency exchange, automakers started raising prices and stopped production and shipping cars. Companies such as Volkswagen, BMW, Renault, Mercedes, Hyundai, Toyota, Sollers Ford have announced the temporary closing of factories. Closed import to Russia Audi, Porshe, GM, Jaguar Land Rover, Lexus, Volvo, Honda, Mazda and others.

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Korea To Increase EV Battery Material Production

FAR EAST: SOUTH KOREA REPORT
Akihiro Komuro
Akihiro Komuro

Korean materials giants are rushing to increase production of battery materials for EVs. Lotte Chemical plans to invest 160 billion yen to build plants for electrolytes and other materials in Korea and the U.S. LG Chem and POSCO have also announced plans to increase production. The three major Korean battery manufacturers, including LG, have active investment plans, but they are lagging their Chinese counterparts in the upstream area of battery materials. Materials companies are also increasing their supply capacity to compete with the Chinese.

Lotte Chemical, a major petrochemical company, will build a new plant for organic solvents for electrolytes in its own plant. The company will build a new factory with a total investment of 602 billion won, aiming for production by the end of 2023. The company is also considering building a plant related to electrolyte and cathode materials in Louisiana, U.S. It has begun coordination with local governments and other related parties in anticipation of starting production in 2025. The investment is expected to be in the order of 100 billion yen.

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Can EV Enthusiasm Trigger Global Growth?

Consumer adoption of EVs has gathered momentum this year, spurred by higher global oil prices. The Russia-Ukraine war has made EVs suddenly more appealing to many car buyers, accelerating adoption globally. The higher oil prices are driving EVs closer to cost parity with internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. In Bloomberg New Energy Finance’s most recent Electric Vehicles Outlook 2022 report, it projected EV sales to hit 20.6 million units by 2025.

On Tesla’s most recent earnings call, Elon Musk admitted, “We do not have a demand problem but a production problem.” Other car manufacturers such as Ford, for instance, says it can build its F150 Lightning and the Mustang Mach E fast enough to keep up with demand

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Korea’s SK Battery To Supply Hyundai’s U.S. Plant

FAR EAST: SOUTH KOREA REPORT
Akihiro Komuro
Akihiro Komuro

Korean battery giant SK Innovation announced that it will expand its supply of batteries to Hyundai Motor Group in North America, and the two companies will discuss the construction of a joint venture plant to increase supply after 2025. SK Innovation says it plans to support Hyundai Motor Group’s increased EV production in North America.

In addition to EV production at its existing Alabama plant, Hyundai Motor plans to start operations of a dedicated EV plant in Georgia by 2025. Kia Motors, a group company, will also increase EV production in Georgia, as stable procurement of batteries, a key component of EVs, has become an issue.

SK On, a battery subsidiary of SK Innovation, already supplies batteries for Hyundai Motor’s mainstay Ioniq EV series. In the U.S., SK On produces batteries at its existing Georgia plant, and after consulting with Hyundai Motor, the company will decide whether to expand the plant or establish a new joint venture plant.

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Japanese Auto OEMs Seek Battery Production in NA

FAR EAST: JAPAN REPORT
Akihiro Komuro
Akihiro Komuro

Major automobile manufacturers are actively investing in automotive lithium-ion batteries. Nissan is leading among the Japanese automakers, followed by Honda and Toyota. Along with the motor and inverter, the vehicle-mounted lithium-ion battery is considered one of the “Three Sacred Treasures” of EVs.

In particular, the on-board battery is the most important as it is the source of power. In many cases, EV production will not be possible without securing a large supply of batteries through partnerships with major battery manufacturers. However, the number of battery makers with which the major automotive companies have partnered is limited: CATL ranked first in the global automotive battery market in 2021, with 39% of the market. It was followed by LG Energy Solutions (18%) and Panasonic Holdings (12%), with the top three companies accounting for 70% of the market.

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CARB Is Phasing Out Heavy Trucks

NORTH AMERICA REPORT
Chris Fisher
Chris Fisher

In April, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) voted unanimously to finalize its Advanced Clean Fleets rule that requires all new medium- and heavy-duty vehicles sold or registered in the state of California to be zero-emission by 2036. 

Among these requirements is a new 2036 target for an end to diesel truck sales. This was lowered from an early 2040 target, with the thought that 2040 would be too late to reach California Governor Gavin Newsom’s goal for 100% zero-emission medium- and heavy-duty vehicles by 2045. 

The 2036 target is only one year after the 2035 target for passenger cars.  Also in the rule, state and local agencies must purchase 50% ZEV by 2024, and 100% ZEV by 2027.

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Indonesia Plans To Become Major Player in Car Industry

SOUTHEAST ASIA: INDONESIA REPORT

Amid the global shift to EVs, Indonesia is vying to become the new leader in this segment.

Indonesia has already surpassed Thailand in passenger car production and has begun full-scale EV production ahead of Thailand. Thailand has begun to defend its position as the auto manufacturing hub of Southeast Asia by offering preferential policies for EVs, including subsidies for both domestic production and sales.

Indonesia’s greatest strength is its abundance of nickel, which is used in car batteries. It is said to have the largest nickel reserves in the world, and investment in this resource is growing rapidly. In April, the Indonesian government announced that it was considering investing in a nickel production venture involving Ford of the United States and that VW of Germany was also considering participation.

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BYD Expands Production in Brazil

BRAZIL/SOUTH AMERICA REPORT 
Fabio Ferraresi
Fabio Ferraresi

BYD announced the installation of an industrial complex in Camaçari, Bahia. The largest manufacturer of electric vehicles in the world, the Asian giant will invest, in five years, about US$ 600 Million (R $ 3 Billion) in the installation of three factories at the Bahia complex, generating about 5,000 direct and indirect jobs. In addition to passenger vehicles, electric bus and truck chassis will be made on site, as well as a battery split.

The company will take over Ford’s facilities. The deal, however, has not yet been officially announced. The Camaçari pole is the last factory that still belonged to the North American brand in Brazil. The automaker, which announced the end of its local production in 2021, has already sold its facilities in Taubaté (SP) and São Bernardo do Campo (SP).

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