Are There Enough Materials To Produce Needed EVs?

The transition from ICE to electric vehicles (EVs) is necessary to decrease climate-changing emissions. As deployment increases, so will the demand for EV battery materials such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. These materials are primarily supplied through two sources: 1) newly mined or 2) recovered by recycling batteries.

Research shows there are enough explored or prospective reserves to electrify the global transportation sector using current technology if a high amount of battery recycling occurs. In this scenario, global demand for EVs in 2100 will amount to about 55% of cobalt reserves and 50% of lithium reserves. If recycling doesn’t ramp up, a shortage of lithium, nickel, or cobalt is likely, and it is estimated that demand would exceed what is economically accessible to extract.

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Growth of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines (H-ICE)

Hydrogen ICE vehicles offer an alternative to traditional gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles and have the potential to reduce emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. These vehicles are becoming increasingly popular and more automakers are starting to offer hydrogen-powered options in their vehicle lineups.

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Electric Boat Market Forecast To Grow by 12%

Michael Aistrup
Michael Aistrup

Gas-powered engines have been the backbone of boating since the advent of the internal combustion engine, but electric-powered boats could soon be claiming a significant share of the market.

Most of the fuel used in transportation is petroleum-based, but initiatives by many governments to reduce carbon emissions and to encourage consumers to adopt eco-friendly boats and ships is expected to boost growth of the electric boat market. The electric boat industry is still in early stages of development and there is a potential for growth.

Electric boats are defined as marine vessels with electric drive as propulsion. Electric boats can be only electric, hydrogen fuel cell electric, or hybrid electric.

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Cummins Agnostic ICE’s and Hydrogen Fuel Update

NORTH AMERICA REPORT
Chris Fisher
Chris Fisher

Cummins plans to introduce their agnostic ICE engine platforms with testing to begin in 2024 and series production to start in the 2026/2027 timeframe.  The engine platforms use a common base engine.  Below the head gasket the engines will mostly have similar components and above the head gasket the engine will have different components for different fuel types.  The new platforms will include the B6.7, X10 and the X15 engines.  The X10 will ultimately supersede the current L9 and X12 engine platforms.  

In North America, Cummins plans to introduce the agnostic engine platforms starting in 2026.  Diesel and natural gas will be the first fuel types introduced and hydrogen versions will soon follow.

SourcesFleetOwner  Cummins X Series Agnostic Engines  Cummins Agnostic Overview

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LNG May Be Fuel for Long-Haul Trucking

INDIA REPORT
Aditya Kondejkar

With the increasing penetration of the Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) network across India, many cities may transition from conventional diesel-powered vehicles to CNG for the last mile.

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) could be a favorable option for heavy and long hauls due to its higher energy density and hence a lower payload penalty and potential range, a lower carbon footprint/noise levels and its cryogenic temperatures which makes it a theft-proof fuel option.

At the same time, the use of HPDI (High-Pressure Direct Injection), a system that enables heavy–duty trucks to operate on natural gas with diesel- like performance would also aid in the switch to LNG.

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Volvo Tests Renewable LNG Truck

BRAZIL/SOUTH AMERICA REPORT  
Fabio Ferraresi
Fabio Ferraresi

Volvo plans to test trucks fueled by vegetable origin LNG, gas in liquid form. According to the president of Volvo Trucks in Latin America, Wilson Lirmann, gas from renewable waste makes more sense in the transport operation because it contributes to nullifying the emission of CO2 in the fleet of commercial vehicles.

In this sense, the brand should soon bring LNG-powered trucks to the region. Brazil is a focus market, but possibly these trucks will debut in other South America countries. That’s because the infrastructure is still under development in Brazil. Although Lirmann does not say which countries in the region will receive the brand’s first gas trucks, it is known that Argentina and Chile already have more developed technology and infrastructure. 

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2032 Marine Inboard Market Forecast: $4.45B

GLOBAL REPORT
Michael Aistrup
Michael Aistrup

The global marine inboard engines market is expected to grow from $2.75 billion in 2022 to $4.45 billion by 2032 at a CAGR of 5.1%, according to forecasts by Power Systems Research.

A marine inboard engine is a reciprocating engine mounted within a boat’s hull.  It is a four-stroke engine that has been modified for maritime usage. The engine spins a drive shaft that passes through the hull and is connected to a propeller. While outboard engines must be periodically serviced to ensure they remain watertight, inboard engines typically do not require much maintenance. Additionally, inboard engines tend to be more fuel-efficient than outboards.

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Show Report: Hannover Messe 2023

EUROPEAN REPORT 
Guy Youngs
Guy Youngs

General Observations. The core topics at HANNOVER MESSE included artificial intelligence, hydrogen, energy management, connected and intelligent production, and the new Manufacturing-X data ecosystem.

More than 4,000 exhibitors presented their solutions and welcomed 130,000 visitors from around the globe. There seemed to be a very large Chinese contingent at the show (both as visitors and exhibitors), as well as a large number of local governments, universities and startups. There seemed to be a predominance of exhibitors showing bearings, copper fittings, cables and components as well as systems / electronics companies.

There was also a large number of independent robots in evidence, ranging from robotic dogs and robotic servers to robotic messengers following pre planned routes.

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EVs and The H2 Battle To Be Included in the Family

This article looks at the nomenclature of Electric Vehicle and Zero Emissions vehicles and discusses ways the electricity used is generated. It then discusses the basics of Fuel Cell Vehicles and then compares them to EVs

Source: Hydrogen Fuel News: Read The Article

PSR Analysis:  This is a fairly basic article but it’s a good reminder of the terms and basics.   PSR

Guy Youngs is Forecast & Adoption Lead at Power Systems Research

PowerTALK™, July 2023

Production is the key word in PowerTALK articles for July. Read about new techniques for battery production, supply chain problems in Japan, production cutbacks in China and new facilities in South America.

IN THIS ISSUE
  • Alternative Power:
    • What Is Future of Alternative Power?
    • BYD Sets JV for EV Batteries
    • Offshore Hydrogen 10X Cost of LNG
    • VW Plans Dry Battery
  • Global:
    • Q2 2023 Economy Positive
    • Outdoor Power Equipment Shifts To Electric
  • DataPoint: North America Mixers
  • Europe:
    • Show Report: Electric Hybrid Marine
    • Ammonia Powered Fuel Cell
  • Brazil/South America:
    • Alternative Power MHVs Decline
    • First VW Truck Built in Argentina
    • BYD Expands Brazil Production
    • Scania Truck Has 900km Range
  • Japan: Semiconductor Shortage Hurts Honda
  • South Korea: Hyundai Cuts China Production
  • China: New VI-B Emissions
  • India: OEMs Target Premium MC Segment